蝉花子实体的免疫调节作用及其机制.doc
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1、硕士学位论文蝉花子实体的免疫调节作用及其机制 专 业 名 称: 卫生毒理学 研究生姓名: _导 师 姓 名: IMMUNOLOREGULATION EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF FRUITING BODIES OF CORDYCEPS DIDADAEA Dissertation Submitted toSoutheast UniversityFor the Academic Degree of Master of MedicineBYDu JinshaSupervised byResearcher Wang MinshengSchool of Public HealthSou
2、theast UniversityMay 2013东南大学学位论文独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是我个人在导师指导下进行的研究工作及取得的研究成果。尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢的地方外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为获得东南大学或其它教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。研究生签名: 日期: 东南大学学位论文使用授权声明东南大学、中国科学技术信息研究所、国家图书馆有权保留本人所送交学位论文的复印件和电子文档,可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存论文。本人电子文档的内容和纸质论文的
3、内容相一致。除在保密期内的保密论文外,允许论文被查阅和借阅,可以公布(包括以电子信息形式刊登)论文的全部内容或中、英文摘要等部分内容。论文的公布(包括以电子信息形式刊登)授权东南大学研究生院办理。研究生签名: 导师签名: 日期: word文档 可自由复制编辑蝉花子实体的免疫调节作用及其机制摘要蝉花(Cordyceps didadae)是蝉在土壤中的若虫被麦角菌科真菌大蝉草的分生孢子寄生致死的带菌尸体。蝉花含有17种氨基酸、丰富的矿物元素和多种生物活性成分,近年来研究发现蝉花有显著双向免疫调节作用,能选择性杀伤癌细胞,显著抑制肺癌细胞生长等生理学作用。目前,蝉花食用情况、安全性评价尚无较全面的调
4、查和研究报告,对于人工培养蝉花子实体的生理学作用研究较少且分散不成系统,对其生理学作用机制的研究也不深入。鉴于此,本课题进行了我国蝉花主要生长地居民对于蝉花的食用习惯调查,系统地对蝉花子实体的急性毒性、致突变性、生殖毒性、亚慢性毒性做了评价,进而从免疫调节作用方面入手,以小鼠为实验对象,进行了蝉花子实体的免疫调节作用研究并通过小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖试验、T淋巴细胞亚群分析、NK细胞杀伤活性试验、细胞因子水平检测等方法初步探讨其可能机制。通过本研究,可初步得出以下结果: 1.蝉花虽然是一种优质虫草,但居民对其知晓度较低,对其功效了解不够,多数调查者表示愿意尝试蝉花保健品,显示了蝉花具有潜在的广阔市场
5、前景。2.蝉花子实体安全性评价研究中,小鼠急性经口摄入最大耐受剂量为15 000mg/kg,毒性分级属无毒级;对标准测试菌TA97、TA98、TA100和TA102均未检出明显的诱变活性;对小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞无诱发微核作用;对雄性小鼠未检出精子诱变活性。2 000mg/kg、4 000mg/kg、8 000mg/kg各剂量组大鼠在90d喂养试验中每周体重、总进食量和总食物利用率与对照组值比较,均无显著性差异(P0.05);各剂量组雌雄大鼠脏器绝对重量、脏体比与对照组比较无显著性差异(P0.05) ;雌雄各剂量组的血液学指标检测值、生化指标检测值均在正常波动范围内;各剂量组雌雄大鼠病理组织学检
6、查未显示有不良影响。蝉花子实体90天喂养试验雌雄大鼠实际摄入的最大未观察到有害作用剂量(NOAEL)分别为8583、7027mg/kg b.wt(分别相当于推荐剂量的257和211倍)。 3.在蝉花子实体免疫调节作用的研究中,蝉花子实体喂养小鼠45d后可见巨噬细胞吞噬指数提高,脾脏、胸腺指数不同程度增大,DTH反应增强等免疫功能增强表现。另外,高剂量蝉花子实体可引起小鼠血清抗体生成降低,不同剂量组外周血IgG、IgM水平变化不同,提示蝉花子实体对机体体液免疫有调节作用,并且高剂量可能引起免疫抑制。4.在蝉花子实体免疫调节机制研究中,蝉花子实体对经诱导的小鼠脾细胞和非诱导脾细胞都有一定程度的促增
7、殖作用,对外周血淋巴细胞中CD3+、CD8+以及CD4+/CD8+以及细胞因子水平都有一定程度的影响,能提高NK细胞杀伤活性。 本课题研究结果表明,人工培养的蝉花子实体作为药食同源真菌,安全无毒,能提高小鼠脾脏、胸腺等免疫器官指数,对机体细胞免疫和体液免疫功能具有一定的调节作用,其调节机制包括调节脾淋巴细胞增殖、影响T淋巴细胞中CD3+、CD4+、CD8+以及CD4+/CD8+比例,影响外周血IL-4等细胞因子水平以及增强NK细胞杀伤活性等。但蝉花的人群知晓度不高,其开发和利用有广阔的潜在市场。关键词:蝉花子实体;知晓度;免疫调节;免疫调节机制;细胞因子;淋巴细胞亚群;NK细胞word文档 可
8、自由复制编辑Immunoloregulation Effect and Mechanism of Fruiting Bodies of Cordyceps didadaeAbstractCordyceps didadae is a kind of parasitic fungus which grows on the larvae of Cicada flammata Dist. Cordyceps didadae includes 17 kinds of amino acid, rich mineral micro-elements and bioactive components. Rec
9、ently, researchers have found that Cordyceps didadae can postpone chronic renal failure and prevent the progression in the rat glomerulosclerosis model. Cordyceps didadae is also reported to have antibacterial activity and distinct two-ways immunoloregulation. It was found that extract from Cordycep
10、s didadae can selectively kill lung cancer cells in stage G2/M and significantly inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Cordyceps didadae is gradually known as a fine quality cordyceps fungus and its artificial cultivation has broad application future. Theres no research paper about the consumption of
11、Cordyceps didadae or about its security as food so far. Research on the physiological effect of its artificial cultivation is sketchy , the same thing is with study on the physiological mechanism. In view of this, we chose to do some research work about the consumption and security of Cordyceps dida
12、dae and to study on its immunoloregulation effect and mechanism.In this research, we gathered up awareness data of Cordyceps didadae in its producing area via scientific investigation. And then, we did the following researches using the fruiting bodies of Cordyceps didadae as reaearch subject and mi
13、ce as the object :assessed its acute toxicity,mutagenicity,genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity systematically through a series of experiments;assessed its effect on immune regulation function;explored its immunoloregulation mechanism through lymphocyte proliferation test, analysis of T lymphocyte s
14、ubsets, NK cell cytotoxicity test and detection of cytokines. In this study, we can get the results as follows:1. Residents awareness about Cordyceps didadae is low and very few persons know its biological activity.Most respondents represented that they would try health products of Cordyceps didadae
15、. The result shows a huge potential market for it.2. In the safety evaluation study, the mice acute oral ingestion of maximum tolerated dose (MTD)is 15 000mg/kg, so the toxicity grading of Cordyceps didadae is non-toxic; None of the four test bacterias (TA97,TA98,TA100 and TA102)was mutated; polychr
16、omatic erythrocyte micronucleus of mice bone marrow were not increased; the rate of teratosperm in male mice is normal. In 90days feeding test, Compared with control group, the body weight,the total food intake and the total food utilization rate of each Cordyceps didadae dosage group was not signif
17、icantly different(P0.05). Same case is with organ weight and organ-body ratio. Hematology index and biochemistry index of male or female rat were in nomal range of fluctuation. Histopathological examination of high dose rat didnt reveat pathological changes.In 90days feeding test, the NOAEL of male
18、rat and female rat are 7027mg/kg b.wt and 8583mg/kg b.wt.3. In the immunoloregulation tests, the phagocytic index of macrophage in mice increased; spleen and thymus index increased to varying degrees; DTH reaction was enhanced.The humoral immunity function was influenced and high dosage could depres
19、sing it.4. In the immune regulation mechanism study,we found that for both activated and unactivated splencytes ,the proliferation were increased;the proportion of CD3+,CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood lymphocyte were affected;the killing activity of NK cells was increased.Finally, the co
20、nclusions can be drawn by the results above, it suggest that Cordyceps didadae is safety and may regulate both humoral immunity and cellular immunity.The mechanisms include regulate the splencytes proliferation and so on.Keywords: fruiting bodies of Cordyceps didadae; Awareness; immune regulation; i
21、mmunolo- regulation mechanism; cytokine; lymphocyte subsets; NK cellword文档 可自由复制编辑目录前 言1第一章 蝉花食用习惯调查31调查问卷的设计与实施32结果43讨论7第二章 蝉花子实体的安全性评价9第一节 小鼠急性经口毒性试验91 材料与方法92 结果10第二节 鼠伤寒沙门氏菌回复突变试验(Ames试验)101 材料与方法102 结果11第三节 小鼠骨髓微核试验131 材料与方法132 结果15第四节 小鼠精子畸形试验151 材料与方法152 结果17第五节 大鼠90天喂养试验171 材料与方法172 结果19第六节
22、讨论311 蝉花子实体的毒性分级312 蝉花子实体的致突变性313 蝉花子实体的生殖毒性314 蝉花子实体的亚慢性毒性32第三章 蝉花子实体免疫调节作用的研究33第一节蝉花子实体对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞能力的影响331 材料与方法332 结果35第二节蝉花子实体对DNFB诱导的DTH反应的影响351 材料与方法352 结果36第三节蝉花子实体对SRBC诱导的小鼠血清抗体生成的影响361 材料与方法362 结果37第四节蝉花子实体体外对小鼠外周血IgG、IgM水平的影响371 材料与方法372 结果38第五节讨论381 蝉花子实体对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能影响382 蝉花子实体对小鼠迟发型
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