【英语论文】小男孩在《老人与海》中的作用-The Roles of the Boy in The Old Man and theSea.doc
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1、小男孩在老人与海中的作用THE ROLES OF THE LITTLE BOY IN THE OLD MAN AND THE SEAAbstractThe Old Man and the Sea tells the frustrated experience that the old fisherman fishes in the course. The theme is deep, and it is a song of praise of heroism. “But man is not made for defeat. A man can be destroyed but not def
2、eated” has been the classic saying and the old man also has been the most typical and the most representative of the Hemingways “tough guy”. When Hemingway talked about the successful factors later, the little boy was mentioned in the same breath with the old man.This paper starts with the details a
3、nd it is divided into two main parts to discuss the indispensable roles of the little boy in the novel. It is him who helps to perform the theme of “grace under pressure”: during 40 days, the old man with the little boy went to fish but without taking a fish, when his situation was getting worse ste
4、p by step, the little boys leaving was the heavy pressure that achieved the extreme stern for certain. However, it was so “heavy pressure” that his manner was graceful when the old man faced afterwards defeat and his optimistic, generous life attitude was worthy tasting by people carefully; it is hi
5、m who plays the role of leading, inspiring to the readers, and increasing the appeal of the work, enriching the content of the work: although the little boy appears only at the beginning and the ending in the novel, there is nothing in his inner state but the old man, so his attitude and emotions to
6、wards the old man affects the readers emotions for the old man quietly and gradually. And it is unavoidable that his inner feeling leads and impacts the readers emotions.Key words: roles; the little boy; the old man; grace under pressure; The Old Man and the Sea小男孩在老人与海中的作用摘 要老人与海讲述了老渔夫捕鱼过程中的坎坷经历,主题
7、深刻,是一部英雄主义的赞歌。“一个人不是生来就要被打败的,你可以消灭他,但就是打不败他。”已经成为至理名言,老人也成为海明威式“硬汉子”的最典型、最完美的代表。当海明威谈到小说成功的因素时,曾颇为自得地将小男孩与老人相提并论。本文拟从有关细节入手,分析讨论小男孩在老人与海中所起的微妙且不可或缺的作用:是他帮助表现了“重压下的优雅风度”这一主题:在老人84天没有捕到鱼,处境一步步恶化的厄运中,小男孩的离去无疑让老人的“重压”达到了极度严峻的地步,然而正是由于如此的“重压”,老人后来面对失败时的态度才可谓“优雅”,所表现的大度、乐观的人生态度才值得人们仔细地品味;是他对读者发挥着一定的牵引、打动和
8、启发作用,从而增强了作品的感染力,丰富了作品的内涵:孩子虽然只出现在小说的首尾两处,但是孩子的内心世界里别无他物,只有老人,他对老人的态度和感情潜移默化地左右着读者对老人的感受,他的内心情感无可避免地要牵动影响着读者的情绪。关键词:作用;小男孩;老人;重压下的优雅风度;老人与海Contents1. Introduction11.1 About the background11.2 About the novel12. The roles of the boy in The Old Man and The Sea22.1 Helping show the old mans pressure22.
9、2 Offering a method to perform the old mans grace32.3 The little boy is the best complement to the old mans character43. The roles in moving and inspiring readers73.1 The little boys emotion73.2 The little boys sympathy in the static stage83.3 The little boys respect and worry in the subtle, fluctua
10、ting stage83.4 The little boys affirmation in the outbreak stage84. Conclusion9NotesBibliographyAcknowledgementsThe Roles of the Boy in The Old Man and the Sea1. Introduction1.1 About the background Before 1952, Hemingway has met the cold shoulder and attack in the sector which lasts for nearly a de
11、cade. To rescue the declining reputation, he publishes a new work, that is, The Old Man and the Sea. He believes firmly that it is the best work he can write in his lifetime. William Faulkner considers it as the most excellent work in this generation. Because of this work Hemingway wins the Pulitzer
12、 in 1952 and the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954 which push his writing career to the peak.The Old Man and the Sea is so important to Hemingway and the American literature that there are lots of comments about it. But the research on the little boy, Mandolin, is minimal. It seems that his role is
13、 irrelevant and unimportant to the novel. In fact, the appearance of the little boy is the emergence of a coincidence according to his role in the work.Hemingway published a piece of communication entitled On the Blue Water in the Esquire in April, 1936. The Old Man and the Sea is written on the bas
14、ic of the material. In the middle of the novel, we can always feel the existence of the boy, because the old man thinks of the little boy for more than ten times during the three intense and arduous days. Moreover, when Hemingway talked about the factors of the novels success later, the little boy i
15、s mentioned in the same breath with the old man that he is lucky to have a good old man and a little boy, and some writers have forgotten these things recent. This shows Hemingway lays his artistic creativity and ingenuity on the little boy. So the little boys role in this novel is worthy being cons
16、idered by critics and readers.1.2 About the novelThe Old Man and the Sea earned its author the Pulitzer Prize for fiction in 1952, and was instrumental in winning him the Nobel Prize for literature two years later. It is a short novel about Santiago, an old Cuban fisherman who has gone for 84 days w
17、ithout taking a fish. Therefore, the boy, Mandolin, who used to sail with him, is forced to leave him and catch in another boat. The old man insists on fishing alone and at last, he hooks an eighteen-foot, giant marlin, the largest he has ever known. But the fish is very powerful and disobedient. It
18、 tows the old man and his boat but to see for 48 hours, with the old man hearing the whole weight of the fish through the line on his back. The old man, with little food and sleep, has to endure much pain and fights against his treacherous hand cramp. To his great excitement, on his third day at sea
19、, he succeeds in drawing the weekend marlin to the surface and harpoons it. On his way home, he lashes marlin alongside his boat because its too big to be pulled into the boat. But, unfortunately, the come across sharks as much might and many weapons as he can summon, but only to find a giant skelet
20、on of his marlin left after his desperate defense. At last, Santiago, having lost what he fought for, reached the shore and struggles to his shack. He falls into sound sleep, dreaming of Africa and the lions again. His struggle wins his much respect.2. The roles of the boy in The Old Man and the Sea
21、2.1 Helping show the old mans pressureOne of the brightest spots in The Old Man and the Sea is the perfect expression of Hemingways quality of grace under pressure, which is composed of two factors: pressure and grace. And pressure is the premise: only under the background of pressure will the hero
22、have the elegant manners in the real significance. These two factors are mostly shown by the little boy. To show pressure, Hemingway describes the background of the story in four levels by picturing the details when the little boy leaves the old man. In this way, he stresses the heavy pressure at th
23、e very beginning of the novel, which lays a necessary premise and an atmosphere for the so-called grace. To show the grace, Hemingway describes several details when the old man gets together with the little boy under the pressure at the beginning and the end of the novel, drawing the image and targe
24、ts in describing the image of the old man.First is the heavy pressure. The first sentence of this novel accounts the difficulties that the old man faced: the old man has been futile for 84 days. This is of course, sympathetic to people, but it is not enough to arouse peoples sympathy only by a numbe
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