新目标七年级(下)Units 6-12语法精讲+精练+答案.docx
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1、核心语法6现在进行时1.用法(1)表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作。常与now, right now, at the moment等时间状语或动词listen, look等连用.(2)表示目前一段时间内一直进行的动作。常和these days, this week, at present(现在)等时间状语连用。2.构成(1)现在进行时由“be动词(is/am/are)+动词的-ing形式”构成,其否定句要在be动词之后加not;变一般疑问句要将be动词提到句首。(2)动词-ing形式的变化规则规则例词一般在动词原形末尾直接加-ingworkworking readreading以不发音字母e结尾
2、的动词,先去掉e,再加-ingliveliving writewriting以重读闭音节结尾的动词且末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ingstopstopping swimswimmingrunrunning sitsitting以ie结尾的重读开音节的动词,将ie改为y,再加-ingdiedying tietying lielying【巧学妙记】现在分词记忆歌诀现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing.词尾若有哑音e,去e再加没问题.一辅重音闭音节,这个字母要双写.die, tie要注意,改ie为y再加-ing.语法精练单项选择1.Listen! The boy_ in the r
3、oom. He often_ English songs.A. sings; is singingB.is singing; singsC.sings;singsD. is singing; is singing2.Look! The cat_ the tree.A. climbsB.is climbingC. climbedD. climbing3.-Where is your sister now?-She_ in the library.A. studiesB. studyingC. isstudyingD. study4.-Anita, where is your brother?-H
4、e_ in the garden with a group of kids.A. playsB. playC.are playingD. is playing5.-Where is your father, Jack?-Oh, he_ a newspaper in the bedroom.A.is readingB. readC. readsD. are reading6.-Is Bob doing his homework?-No, he_, He_ a letter.A. doesnt; writesB. isnt; writesC. isnt; is writingD. doesnt;
5、is writing答案:1.B 考查现在进行时和一般现在时的用法.句意:听!那个男孩正在房间里唱歌.他经常唱英语歌曲.listen是现在进行时的标志词.often是一般现在时的标志词.故选B.2.B 考查现在进行时的用法.句意:瞧!猫在爬树.look是现在进行时的标志词.故选B.3.C 考查现在进行时的用法.句意:你妹妹现在在哪里?她正在图书馆里学习.now是现在进行时的标志词.故选C.4.D 考查现在进行时的用法.句意:安妮塔,你的弟弟在哪儿?他正在花园里和一群孩子玩.根据问句“where is your brother”可知,表示的时间是此时此刻,所以答语要用现在进行时.故选D.5.A
6、考查现在进行时的用法.句意:杰克,你爸爸在哪儿?哦,他正在卧室里看报纸.根据问句“Where is your father”可知,表示的时间是此时此刻,所以答语要用现在进行时.故选A.6.C 考查现在进行时的用法.句意:鲍勃正在做作业吗?不,他没有.他正在写一封信.问句用现在进行时,答语也要用现在进行时.故选C.核心语法7一、一般现在时与现在进行时的区别一般现在时现在进行时概念表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态,也表示主语具备的性格、能力或陈述客观真理表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动作构成1.主语be+其他2.主语十实义动词十其他主语be+动词现在分词十其他时间状语always,usual
7、ly, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, in the morning/afternoon/ evening等now, right now, at the moment, at this time, look, listen等例句Mom cooks dinner for us every day.妈妈每天给我们做晚饭.Jane usually plays the guitar on Sundays.简通常在周日弹吉他.Mom is cooking dinner for us now.妈妈现在在给我们做晚饭.Listen! Jane is play
8、ing the guitar.听!简正在弹吉他.二、表示询问天气的句型“Hows the weather.或“Whats the weather like.?”意为“天气如何?”用来询问天气情况.常用“Its+描述天气的形容词或现在分词”来回答。语法精练I.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Its_ (sun) today. Lets take a walk in the park.2.I always_ (wash) my clothes in the evening, and now I_ (wash)a T-shirt.3.We cant go out now. Its_ (rain) out
9、side now.4.Be quiet! Grandpa_ (sleep) right now in the next room.5.Lilys mother_ (look) very young and beautiful.答案:1.sunny 2.wash;am washing 3.raining 4.is sleeping 5.looksII.单项选择1.It often_ here in winter. Look! Its_ again.A. snowy; snowingB.snow; snowyC. snows; snowingD. snowing; snows2.On a_ mor
10、ning, he came back home.A. rainB. rainyC. rains3.- _ is the weather_ in Yichun?-Its sunny.A. Hows; likeB. How; likeC. What; likeD. Whats; like4.-Its_ outside. Remember to put on warm clothes, Peter!-OK, Mom.A. hotB. warmC. dryD. cold5.- _ the weather like in Hangzhou?-Its cloudy.A. HowsB. WhatC. How
11、D. Whats答案:1.C 考查动词的时态.句意;这里冬天经常下雪.看!天又下起雪来了.由“often”可知,第一空需用一般现在时且用第三人称单数形式;再由“Look”可知,第二空需用现在进行时.故选C.2.B 考查形容词的用法.句意;在一个下雨的早上,他回家去了.rain下雨,是动词;rainy 下雨的,是形容词;rains下雨,是动词.故选B.3.C 考查固定句型.句意;在宜春的天气怎样?是晴朗的.How is the weather?=Whats the weather like?故选C4.D 考查形容词词义辨析.hot热的;warm暖和的;dry干燥的;old冷的.由“记得穿上暖和的
12、衣服”可知,外面的天气很冷.故选D.5.D 考查固定句型.“Whats the weather like in+地点?”用于询问某地的天气状况.故选D.III.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.Itssunnytoday.(对画线部分提问)_ the_ today?2.Mom is cooking in the kitchen.(对画线部分提问)_ Mom_ in the kitchen?3.There is a lot of snow today in Beijing.(改为同义句)It_ _ today in Beijing.4.The story isreally terrible.(对画线
13、部分提问)_ _ the story?5.Hows the weather today?(改为同义句)_ the weather_ today?答案:1.Hows;weather 2.Whats;doing 3.is snowy 4.How is 5.Whats;like核心语法8 there be句型的用法1.构成there be句型表示“某处有(存在)某人某物”,其结构为“There be+主语地点”.2.句式结构句式结构例句肯定句There is/are+某物某人+地点状语There is an apple on the table.桌上有一个苹果.否定句There isnt/arent
14、+某物某人+地点状语There arent any students in the classroom.教室里没有学生.一般疑问句Is/Are there+某物某人+地点状语?肯定回答:Yes, there is/are.否定回答:No, there isnt/arent.-Is there a bank near here?-附近有一家银行吗?-Yes, there is./No, there isnt.-是的,有.不,没有.3.用法(1)there be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致.(2)若有两个或两个以上的名词作主语,be动词要和最靠近它的那个主语在人称和数上保
15、持一致,即遵循“就近原则”.4.there be句型与have的区别对象相同不同there be都表示“有”之意表示“某处有(存在)某人某物”,强调客观存在have表示“某人有某物”,强调所属关系语法精练I.单项选择1.There_ some milk and several apples in the fridge.A. isB. areC. be2.-Are there any vegetables in the fridge?-_. Ill buy some.A. No, there arentB.No, they arentC.Yes, there areD. Yes, they ar
16、e3.-Whats in the noodles?-There_ some beef and vegetables in the noodles.A. isB. areC. has4.- _ there any vegetables in the soup?-Yes, and there_ some mutton, too.A. Are; isB. Are; areC. Is; isD. Is; are5.-Where did you go on Childrens Day?-I went to the Green Lake Park. There_ lots of children.A. i
17、sB. wasC. areD. were答案:1.A 考查there be句型的用法.句意;冰箱里有一些牛奶和几个苹果.there be句型中的be动词的形式取决于紧挨主语的形式.故选A.2.A 考查情景交际.句意;冰箱里有什么蔬菜吗?不,没有.我去买一些.No, there arent不,没有.是对上文的否定回答.故选A.3.A 考查there be句型的用法.句意;面条里有什么?面条里有一些牛肉和蔬菜.there be句型的be动词的形式取决于紧挨主语的形式.故选A.4.A 考查there be句型的用法.句意;一汤里有一些蔬菜吗?有,还有一些羊肉.vegetables是名词复数,所以第一
18、空要用are; mutton是不可数名词,所以第二空要用is.故选A.5.D 考查there be句型的用法.句意;在儿童节那天你去了哪里?我去了格林湖公园.有许多孩子.问句用一般过去时,答语也要用一般过去时.children是复数名词,be动词用were.故选D.II.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.There are some trees near the house.(改为否定句)There_ _ trees near the house.2.There is a post office near here.(改为一般疑问句)_ _ a post office near here?3.Ar
19、e there any people in the square?(作否定回答)No, _ _.4.There arethirtydesks in the classroom.(对画线部分提问)_ _ desks_ there in the classroom?5.He has two beds in his room.(改为同义句)_ _ two beds in his room.答案:1.arent any 2.Is there 3.there arent 4.How many; are 5.There are核心语法9一、询问及描述外貌1.询问外貌询问某人长什么样子用“What+do/d
20、oes+ sb.look like?”句型。其中,what充当宾语;look like意为“看起来像”,like后接宾语。2.描述外貌描述人物外貌的常用句型有:(1)主语is/are+介词短语(2)主语is/are+形容词(短语)(3)主语have/has+(a/an)+形容词名词(4)主语wear/wears+名词【注意】询问某人的气质和性格时通常用“What+be+sb.like?”句型。二、选择疑问句1.结构(1)“一般疑问句or+选择部分”(2)“特殊疑问句or+选择部分”2.回答选择疑问句不能用yes或no回答,而必须选择所给选择的一项回答。语法精练I.单项选择1.-Is Peter
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