旋转时钟原理和程序.doc

1、POV即persistancd of vision 利用单片机控制流水灯，通过流水灯移动以及人的视觉暂留效应产生各种图形或文字。效果如下图： 这张可以窥探其原理.原理比较简单，使用单片机很容易实现，转帖旋转LED电子钟制作详细过程。关于作者提出的两个难点，个人观点，供电科采用电机单独供电，单片机供电加装在旋转的电路板上。改进电路，使用电子钟芯片，加装备用电池，加装备用电池后也可以很容易解决调时问题。本人打算在次基础上改进一下进行制作，另作者提供的源程序没有任何注释，对与我们新手很不方便，随后我将在电路改进后写出有详细注释的程序，以方便更多人制作，敬请期待。以下内容转自“艺新工作室”在网上看到不

2、少老外做的各种旋转显示屏，非常，我也动手用洞洞板试做了一个类似的显示屏，结果感觉还不错。于是再接再励继续努力，将作品进一步改进，完善后制成如今这个样子。由于刚学51单片机，加上制作电路板软件也是从零开始，的确花了我不少的时间和精力。不过也就是在这艰难的独立制作中，真正学到了不少实在的东西。本项目的关键是如何解决高速旋转的电路板如何供电，如何调时的问题。我采用电机电刷的原理，将旋转轴钻空，通过一只插头将电源的从反面引到前面的电路板上，而这个旋转的插头又与固定在背板上的两个铜片接触的。调时的问题有些困难，一是让电路板在旋转前与机相接，由电脑传送调时数据，这虽然可行但不方便。还有就是用遥控方法，但此

3、方案在调试方面有很大的困难。显示方式上，我采用平衡式的两排，这除了在旋转时能较好的保持平衡外，主要能利用两边交替显示方式，比单排要快一倍。本装置不仅是一个时钟，它还可以动态显示汉字及图案，这就看如何发挥了。其具体制作过程如下：一。旋转电机的制作从制作成本与方便考虑，选用旧电脑用的大软驱上的直流无刷电机，只是对局部进行改造。就是这种古董软驱软驱上的直流无刷电机拆开后的电机 仔细拆开直流电机，将带圆盘的铝轴从中开孔，让它刚好能插入一个插头。将旋转轴加工成这样 装配好以后按拆开时的顺序，反序将轴安装直流电机上。电机装配完成后用两片铜片做的电刷电刷装好后的侧面图将电路板上较突出的元件改焊在反面，电机的

4、电源接法。从电路板标注的符号看，“”为电源正，“”为电源负，“”与“”端分别与电源正相连匀可使电机运转将一张旧唱片按电机座的位置开孔，而定位用的挡光板应根据电路板上感光组件的位置确定。二。电路板的制作本制作品用单片机控制，具体电原理图如下：用Protel 99设计制作了电路板。 最后得到完成的作品。遥控器用的是松下车载机的，只用了其中的六个键。三。软件编程因学的是（不懂汇编）这里只提供语言源程序。#include sbit gate11=P30;sbit gate12=P31;unsigned char BUFFER=0,0,0,0,1,1,7;unsigned char M=31,28,31

5、,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31;unsigned char maxnum=59,23,31,12,99;unsigned char minnum=0,0,1,1,0;unsigned char yy34;unsigned char code NUM1 = 0x80,0x7F,0xC0,0xFF,0x40,0x90,0x40,0x8C, / -0-0x40,0x82,0xC0,0xFF,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x81,0x80,0x81,0xC0,0xFF, / -1-0xC0,0xFF,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x8

6、0,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xE0,0xC0,0xF0,0x40,0x98,0x40,0x8C, / -2-0x40,0x86,0xC0,0xC3,0x80,0xC1,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0xC0,0xC0,0x40,0x84,0x40,0x84, / -3-0x40,0x84,0xC0,0xFF,0x80,0x7B,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x0C,0x00,0x0E,0x00,0x0B,0x80,0x89, / -4-0xC0,0xFF,0xC0,0xFF,0x00,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x47,0xC0,0xC7,0x40,0x84,

7、0x40,0x84, / -5-0x40,0x8C,0x40,0xFC,0x40,0x78,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x80,0xFF,0xC0,0x84,0x40,0x84, / -6-0x40,0x84,0x00,0xFC,0x00,0x78,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0xC0,0x00,0x40,0xF0,0x40,0xF8, / -7-0x40,0x0C,0xC0,0x07,0xC0,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7B,0xC0,0xFF,0x40,0x84,0x40,0x84, / -8-0x40,0x84,0xC0,0xFF,0x80,0

8、x7B,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x03,0xC0,0x87,0x40,0x84,0x40,0x84, / -9-0x40,0xC4,0xC0,0x7F,0x80,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x63, / -:-0x00,0x63,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,;unsigned char code NUM2= 0x00,0x00,0x7f,0x80,0xff,0xc0,0x82,0x40, / -0- 0x8c,0x40,0x90,0x40,0xff,0xc0,0x7f,0x80,

9、0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x40,0x60,0x40, / -1- 0xff,0xc0,0xff,0xc0,0x00,0x40,0x00,0x40, 0x00,0x00,0x41,0xc0,0xc3,0xc0,0x86,0x40, / -2- 0x8c,0x40,0x98,0x40,0xf0,0xc0,0x60,0xc0, 0x00,0x00,0x40,0x80,0xc0,0xc0,0x88,0x40, / -3- 0x88,0x40,0x88,0x40,0xff,0xc0,0x77,0x80, 0x00,0x00,0x0c,0x00,0x1c,0x00,0x34,0

10、x00, / -4- 0x64,0x40,0xff,0xc0,0xff,0xc0,0x04,0x40, 0x00,0x00,0xf8,0x80,0xf8,0xc0,0x88,0x40, / -5- 0x88,0x40,0x8c,0x40,0x8f,0xc0,0x87,0x80, 0x00,0x00,0x3f,0x80,0x7f,0xc0,0xc8,0x40, / -6- 0x88,0x40,0x88,0x40,0x0f,0xc0,0x07,0x80, 0x00,0x00,0xc0,0x00,0xc0,0x00,0x83,0xc0, / -7- 0x87,0xc0,0x8c,0x00,0xf8,

11、0x00,0xf0,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0x77,0x80,0xff,0xc0,0x88,0x40, / -8- 0x88,0x40,0x88,0x40,0xff,0xc0,0x77,0x80, 0x00,0x00,0x70,0x00,0xf8,0x40,0x88,0x40, / -9- 0x88,0x40,0x88,0xc0,0xff,0x80,0x7f,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0x00,0xc0,0x01,0x80,0x03,0x00, / -/- 0x06,0x00,0x0c,0x00,0x18,0x00,0x30,0x00,;unsigned char code H

12、Z_12 = 0x80,0x00,0x88,0x1F,0x30,0x48,0x00,0x24, /调 0xF0,0x1F,0x10,0x01,0x50,0x1D,0xF0,0x15, 0x50,0x1D,0x10,0x41,0xF8,0x7F,0x10,0x00, 0x00,0x02,0x00,0x41,0x80,0x41,0x60,0x31, /分 0x18,0x0F,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x21,0x38,0x41, 0x40,0x3F,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x00,0x01, 0xE0,0x1F,0x20,0x09,0x20,0x09,0x20,0x09,

13、/时 0xE0,0x1F,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x01,0x40,0x26, 0x40,0x40,0xF8,0x7F,0x40,0x00,0x40,0x00, 0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x3F, /日 0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11,0x10,0x11, 0x10,0x11,0xF8,0x3F,0x10,0x00,0x00,0x00, 0x00,0x40,0x00,0x20,0x00,0x10,0xF8,0x0F, /月 0x48,0x02,0x48,0x02,0x48,0x22,0x48,0x42, 0x48

14、,0x42,0xF8,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00, 0x80,0x04,0x40,0x04,0x20,0x04,0x98,0x07, /年 0x90,0x04,0x90,0x04,0xF0,0x7F,0x90,0x04, 0x90,0x04,0x98,0x04,0x90,0x04,0x10,0x04;unsigned int disp1,disp2,key1,key2,key;unsigned int ii,jj;unsigned int i,w,n,xz,CM,TZ,BZ;void Delay(unsigned int ms)ms=ms*3;while(-ms);voi

15、d num_led(int aa, int bb)int kk;for(kk=0;kk8;kk+)gate11=key1; gate12=key2;P2=NUM1aa+kk*2;P1=NUM1aa+1+kk*2;Delay(20);P1=0xff;P2=0xff;gate11=key2; gate12=key1;P2=NUM2bb+15-kk*2;P1=NUM2bb+14-kk*2;Delay(20);P1=0xff;P2=0xff;void display_clock(void)key1=key;key2=!key;disp1=BUFFER3/10;disp2=BUFFER4-(BUFFER

16、4/10)*10;ii=disp1*16;jj=disp2*16;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);disp1=BUFFER3-disp1*10;disp2=BUFFER4/10;ii=disp1*16;jj=disp2*16;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);ii=160;jj=160;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);disp1=BUFFER2/10;disp2=BUFFER5-(BUFFER5/10)*10;ii=disp1*16;jj=disp

17、2*16;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);disp1=BUFFER2-disp1*10;disp2=BUFFER5/10;ii=disp1*16;jj=disp2*16;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);ii=160;jj=160;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);disp1=BUFFER1/10;disp2=BUFFER6-(BUFFER6/10)*10;ii=disp1*16;jj=disp2*16;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;

18、P1=0xff;Delay(60);disp1=BUFFER1-disp1*10;disp2=BUFFER6/10;ii=disp1*16;jj=disp2*16;num_led(ii,jj);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);void display_TZ(void)gate11=key;gate12=!key;for(jj=0;jj16;jj+)P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(40);for(jj=0;jj12;jj+)P2=HZ_12jj*2;P1=HZ_121+jj*2;Delay(40);P1=0xff;P2=0xff;for(jj=0;jj12;jj+

19、)P2=HZ_12TZ*24+jj*2;P1=HZ_12TZ*24+1+jj*2;Delay(40);P1=0xff;P2=0xff;for(jj=0;jj8;jj+)P2=NUM1160+jj*2;P1=NUM1160+1+jj*2;Delay(40);P1=0xff;P2=0xff;disp1=BUFFERTZ+1/10;for(jj=0;jj8;jj+)P2=NUM1disp1*16+jj*2;P1=NUM1disp1*16+1+jj*2;Delay(40);P2=0xff;P1=0xff;Delay(60);disp1=BUFFERTZ+1-disp1*10;for(jj=0;jj20

20、1+xz) BUFFER0=0; BUFFER1=BUFFER1+1; if (BUFFER1=60) BUFFER1=0; BUFFER2=BUFFER2+1; if (BUFFER2=60) BUFFER2=0; BUFFER3=BUFFER3+1; if (BUFFER3=24) BUFFER3=0; BUFFER4=BUFFER4+1; if (BUFFER4MBUFFER5-1) BUFFER4=1; BUFFER5=BUFFER5+1; if (BUFFER512) BUFFER5=1; BUFFER6=BUFFER6+1; if(BUFFER699) BUFFER6=0; M1=

21、M1-1; void Jm(void)unsigned int kk,mm;CM=0x00;for(kk=0;kk350)&(mm100)CM=0x00; break; yykk=mm; for(kk=17;kk22;kk+) CM=CM65)&(yykk+865)|(yykk+865) CM=0x00;break;void main(void) xz=8;TZ=1;BZ=0; key1=0;key2=1; EA=1; IT0=1;EX0=1; EX1=1; IT1=1;ET0=1; TMOD=0x11; TH0=-5000/256; TL0=-5000%256; TR0=1; TH1=0;

22、TL1=0; TR1=1; for(;) w=0;CM=0;Delay(50); if(w=2) EX1=0;Jm();Delay(1200);EX1=1;w=0; if(BZ=1) if(w=1) display_TZ();n=1; if(BZ=0) if(w=1) display_clock();n=1;if(CM=9) BUFFER1=0;Delay(1200);BZ=!BZ;w=0;CM=0; if(CM=11)Delay(1200);key=!key;w=1;BZ=0;w=0;CM=0;if(CM=23) if(BZ=1) if(BUFFERTZ+1minnumTZ-1) BUFFERTZ+1-; else BUFFERTZ+1=maxnumTZ-1;Delay(1200);w=0;CM=0;if(CM=31) if(BZ=1) if(TZ1) TZ-; else TZ=5;Delay(1200);w=0;CM=0; n+;if(n10) w=1; 四。运行效果从开机，调整到最后完成。开机时调时状态正常运行状态